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2.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 40(2): 188-192, abr-jun 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144660

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is defined as presence of gas within the intestinal wall. It is a rare condition, usually associated with a wide variety of pathologies. It requires a special diagnostic approach to determine underlying etiology. We present the case of a 18 year old woman with chronic abdominal pain, who presents with peritoneal signs and pneumoperitoneum. Laparoscopy showed NI. Thereafter, Crohn´s disease was diagnosed by balloon enteroscopy.


RESUMEN La neumatosis intestinal (NI) es la presencia de gas en la pared intestinal. Es un hallazgo infrecuente, generalmente presente en una gran variedad de patologías. Requiere de un abordaje diagnóstico detallado para determinar su etiología. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 17 años con dolor abdominal crónico, quien se presenta con signos de irritación peritoneal y neumoperitoneo. Con hallazgo quirúrgico de NI en el intestino delgado, a quién mediante enteroscopia se le diagnóstica enfermedad de Crohn.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Crohn Disease/complications , Crohn Disease/diagnosis
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(6): 543-548, June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956478

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of CT findings in differentiating causes of pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), including benign and life-threatening causes. METHODS: All CT reports containing the word "pneumatosis" were queried from June 1st, 2006 to May 31st, 2015. A total of 42 patients with PI were enrolled (mean age, 63.4 years; 23 males and 19 females) and divided into two groups on based on electronic medical records: a benign group (n=24) and a life-threatening group (n=18). Two radiologists reviewed CT images and evaluated CT findings including bowel distension, the pattern of bowel wall enhancement, bowel wall defect, portal venous gas (PVG), mesenteric venous gas (MVG), extraluminal free air, and ascites. RESULTS: CT findings including bowel distension, decreased bowel wall enhancement, PVG, and ascites were more commonly identified in the life-threatening group (all p<0.05). All cases with PVG were included in the life-threatening group (8/18 patients, 44.4%). Bowel wall defect, extraluminal free air, and mesenteric venous gas showed no statistical significance between both groups. CONCLUSION: PI and concurrent PVG, bowel distension, decreased bowel wall enhancement, or ascites were significantly associated with life-threatening causes and unfavorable prognosis. Thus, evaluating ancillary CT features when we encountered PI would help us characterize the causes of PI and determine the appropriate treatment option.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho diagnóstico dos achados CT em causas diferenciadoras da pneumatose intestinal (PI), incluindo causas benignas e que ameaçam a vida. MÉTODOS: Todos os relatórios CT contendo a palavra "pneumatose" foram questionados de 10 de junho de 2006 a 31 de maio de 2015. Um total de 42 pacientes com PI foi matriculado (idade média 63,4 anos, 23 do sexo masculino e 19 do sexo feminino) e divididos em dois grupos na base de registros médicos elétricos: grupo benigno, n = 24 e grupo com risco de vida, n = 18. Dois radiologistas analisaram as imagens da CT e avaliaram seus achados, incluindo distensão intestinal, padrão de realce da parede intestinal, defeito da parede intestinal, gás venoso portal (PVG), gás venoso mesentérico (MVG), ar extraluminal e ascite. RESULTADOS: Achados CT, incluindo distensão intestinal, diminuição do realce da parede intestinal. PVG e ascite foram mais comumente identificados em grupo com risco de vida (todos p < 0,05, respectivamente). Todos os casos com PVG foram incluídos em grupo com risco de vida (8/18 pacientes, 44,4%). Defeito da parede do intestino, ar livre extraluminal e gás venoso mesentérico não mostraram significância estatística entre dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: PI e PVG concorrente, distensão intestinal, diminuição do aumento da parede do intestino ou ascites foram significativamente associados com causas que ameaçaram a vida e prognóstico desfavorável. Portanto, avaliar os recursos de CT auxiliares quando encontramos PI nos ajudaria a caracterizar as causas de PI e determinar a opção de tratamento apropriada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Portal System/diagnostic imaging , Prognosis , Ascites/diagnostic imaging , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Retrospective Studies , Diagnosis, Differential , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 24(1): 40-43, mar. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959572

ABSTRACT

Portograma aéreo o portograma de aire (PA), se define como la presencia de aire en el sistema venoso portomesentérico. Neumatosis intestinal (NI) se define como la presencia de aire en la pared intestinal, independiente de su causa o localización. La principal etiología de estas alteraciones es la isquemia intestinal aguda y en general, se consideran predictores de perforación intestinal y de mal pronóstico. Un pequeño grupo de pacientes con PA y/o NI pueden evolucionar sin complicaciones e incluso cursan sin manifestaciones clínicas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente quirúrgico inmediato de gastrectomía total y reconstrucción en Y de Roux, que evidenció en tomografía computarizada (TC) de abdomen de control PA y NI, sin alteraciones clínicas significativas asociadas.


Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is defined as the presence of air in the portal venous system. Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is defined as the presence of air within the bowel wall, regardless of its cause or location. Its main etiology is the intestinal ischemia and are generally considered predictors of intestinal perforation and wrong prognosis. A small group of patients with HPVG and PI may have a different clinical course, without complications and clinical manifestations. We report the case of a patient with immediate surgical history of total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction, which showed in computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen HPVG and PI, without associated clinically significant changes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Embolism, Air/diagnostic imaging , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Incidental Findings , Embolism, Air/etiology , Gastrectomy/adverse effects
5.
Rev. chil. cir ; 68(1): 72-75, feb. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780537

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare entity characterized by the presence of air in the intestinal wall. In most cases, it is secondary to a number of mainly intra-abdominal processesthat mostly require urgent surgery but, in a small percentage of cases, it is idiopathic and usually has a morebenign course, caused by, among other things, a series of mechanical factors causing mucosal damage andtherefore predisposing to the formation of cysts. Case report: Here we describe a case of a patient undergoingright hemicolectomy for colon cancer and subsequently treated with chemotherapy that developed PCI twoyears after treatment ended. At all times, the patient was asymptomatic, despite the evolution of PCI and thedevelopment of associated pneumoperitoneum.


Resumen Introducción: La neumatosis quística intestinal (NQI) es una entidad poco frecuente que se caracteriza por la presencia de aire en la pared intestinal. En la mayoría de las ocasiones es secundaria a una serie de procesos fundamentalmente intrabdominales y que en su mayoría requieren cirugía urgente, pero en un pequeño porcentaje de casos es idiopática y suele tener un curso más benigno, causada entre otras cosas por una serie de factores mecánicos que ocasionan el daño de la mucosa y por lo tanto predisponen a la formación de quistes. Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de un paciente sometido a una hemicolectomía derecha por cáncer de colon y tratado posteriormente con quimioterapia que desarrolla una NQI a los dos años de finalizado el tratamiento. En todo momento el paciente se ha encontrado asintomático a pesar de la evolución de la NQI yel desarrollo de neumoperitoneo asociado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumoperitoneum/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Pneumoperitoneum/diagnostic imaging , Asymptomatic Diseases
6.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 13(2)jun. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749187

ABSTRACT

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare condition, especially when associated with volvulus; it is often misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated. We present the case of a 27 year-old woman suffering from an acute abdomen. An abdominal tomography was performed revealing Pneumatosis intestinalis. Once in the operating theatre sigmoid volvulus was diagnosed and Hartmann surgery performed. Histology showed intestinal ischemia. During the hospital stay, evolution was favourable. The authors present this case and a brief theoretical review, due to its rarity and clinical interest.


A pneumatose intestinal (PI) é uma condição pouco frequente, sendo ainda mais rara em associação com volvo; sendo muitas vezes mal diagnosticada e tratada inapropriadamente. Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 27 anos com um quadro de abdómen agudo. Realizou TAC abdominal que demonstrou pneumatose intestinal. Intra-operatoriamente foi diagnosticado volvo da sigmoideia e optado por cirurgia de Hartmann. O resultado anatomo-patológico da peça foi compatível com isquémia intestinal. Durante o internamento hospital, a doente evoluiu favoravelmente. Os autores apresentam este caso e uma breve revisão teórica, pela sua raridade e interesse clínico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Abdomen, Acute/complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Intestinal Volvulus/surgery , Intestinal Volvulus/diagnosis , Piperacillin/therapeutic use
8.
Rev. chil. reumatol ; 31(3): 186-189, 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-776865

ABSTRACT

Intestinal pneumatosis is a rare complication that can occur in systemic sclerosis (ES), its pathogenesis is not entirely specified and is characterized by the presence of gas in the submucosa wall and / or bowel subserosa. For a 37 year old woman presented with a diagnosis of diffuse variety EN who consults repeatedly by pain, bloating and intermittent episodes of chronic diarrhea associated with weight loss. The imaging study revealed an intestinal pneumatosis and pneumoperitoneum as the source of the picture...


La neumatosis intestinal es una complicación rara que puede presentarse en la Esclerosis Sistémica (ES), su etiopatogenia no está del todo precisada y se caracteriza por presencia de gas en la pared submucosa y/o subserosa del intestino. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 37 años, con diagnóstico de ES variedad difusa quien consulta en repetidas ocasiones por dolor, distensión abdominal y episodios de diarrea crónica intermitente asociado a disminución de peso. El estudio con imágenes reveló una neumatosis intestinal y neumoperitoneo como origen del cuadro...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Scleroderma, Systemic/complications , Scleroderma, Systemic/therapy , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumoperitoneum/etiology
9.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 50(5): 596-602, set.-out. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-565047

ABSTRACT

As manifestações gastrointestinais no lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) não são incomuns. Frequentemente são encontrados sintomas inespecíficos, como dor abdominal, náuseas, vômitos e diarreia. Por outro lado, a pneumatose intestinal, caracterizada por múltiplos cistos preenchidos por ar na parede intestinal, é uma condição raramente associada ao LES. Descreve-se a seguir o caso de um homem de 20 anos que foi internado por febre, perda ponderal, cefaleia e artrite, cuja investigação mostrou tratar-se de LES. Na evolução, apresentou quadro abdominal sugestivo de vasculite intestinal, com tomografia computadorizada de abdome revelando sinal do duplo halo ou do alvo e pneumatose intestinal. Realizado tratamento conservador com antibioticoterapia endovenosa, repouso intestinal e nutrição parenteral total, com resolução do quadro abdominal.


Gastrointestinal manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are not uncommon. Non specific symptoms are often observed, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. On the other hand, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, which is characterized by multiple gas-filled cysts located throughout the intestinal wall, is a rare condition in SLE. We describe a case of a 20-year-old man who was admitted with fever, weight loss, headache and arthralgia and had a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. During his hospital stay, he developed abdominal symptoms that suggested intestinal vasculitis. The computed tomography of the abdomen showed the double halo sign, or target sign and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. The patient presented complete recovery after conservative treatment, with intestinal rest and total parenteral nutrition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Intestines/blood supply , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Vasculitis/etiology
10.
Rev. chil. cir ; 61(1): 78-82, feb. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-523053

ABSTRACT

The case of a women 89 year old with an apparent partial intestinal obstruction is presented. The CT scan of abdomen and pelvis shows evident pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) within gas in the portal system. Expectant medical treatment was performed. Eight days later, a second CT scan showed almost complete remission of pneumatosis and gas in the portal system. The presence of gas in the bowel wall is a sign that can be find in benign to life threatening conditions. A review of the pathogenesis, radiological presentation and the different causes of PI are presented, based in the case report.


Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 89 años que ingresa por un probable cuadro de suboclusión intestinal. El estudio con TAC de abdomen y pelvis revela extensa neumatosis intestinal (NI) asociada a la presencia de gas en el sistema porta. Se realiza manejo médico de la paciente. Al octavo día se hace un control tomográfico, observándose regresión casi completa de la NI y del gas en sistema porta. La presencia de gas en la pared intestinal es un hallazgo que puede tener múltiples significados, desde lo más benigno hasta situaciones que ponen en riesgo la vida. A continuación revisamos las diferentes causas y teorías que explican la NI, su presentación radiológica e interpretación clínica, en base al presente caso clínico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/therapy , Gases , Ischemia/pathology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/pathology , Pelvis , Radiography, Abdominal , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Portal Vein/pathology
11.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 56-60, 2007.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-182225

ABSTRACT

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a relatively rare condition in which gas is found as a linear or cystic form in the submucosa or subserosa of bowel wall. PCI is usually found incidentally on an imaging study. Treatment is usually conservative including oxygen and antibiotics therapy. So far, etiology and pathogenesis of PCI remain uncertain. PCI is associated with various medical conditions including various pulmonary diseases, connective tissue diseases, and endoscopic procedures. However, there are only few reports on lactulose causing PCI in patients with cirrhosis. Oral lactulose or enema is one of the main treatment modalities in hepatic encephalopathy. Here, we report a case of PCI which was found during the treatment with lactulose therapy in a patient with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gastrointestinal Agents/therapeutic use , Lactulose/therapeutic use , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
12.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology ; : 131-135, 2007.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-39957

ABSTRACT

Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is an uncommon disease entity that usually has grave prognosis. It is generally associated with bowel necrosis, and has been reported in a wide variety of conditions such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, intestinal ischemia, or infarction. We experienced two cases of HPVG associated with acute pancreatitis. HPVG was found in patients with severe necrotizing pancreatitis and concurrent bowel ischemia. Despite aggressive resuscitation with fluids and broad spectrum antibiotics, each patient developed multiorgan failure, and died within few days. Acute pancreatitis is a potential cause of severe intraabdominal systemic catastrophe. Moreover, HPVG is associated with bowel ischemia in the setting of acute pancreatitis which could lead to rapid aggravation of symptom and complicated clinical course. Therefore, vigilant and aggressive management should be warranted in such condition.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Fatal Outcome , Hepatic Veins/diagnostic imaging , Pancreatitis, Alcoholic/complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 10(3): 149-155, jul.-set. 2000. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-598103

ABSTRACT

A Pneumatose Intestinal (PI) consiste na presença de gás na parede do tubo gastrointestinal (TGI). Esse sinal clínico-radiológico associa-se a diversas doenças e apresenta significado clínico igualmente variável. Sua prevalência parece estar aumentando e a natureza das doenças associadas vêm se modificando nos últimos decênios. As ulceras pépticas já foram sua principal causa. Na atualidade, estados de imunossupressão e condições clínicas que aumentam a permeabilidade da mucosa do TGI (AIDS, pacientes transplantados, quimioterapia e outros) são as causas mais prováveis de PI. A PI pode ser demonstrada pela radiografia simples e pela tomografia computadorizada do abdome. Seu diagnóstico inclui, além da demonstração de sua presença, a definição de sua causa. O tratamento deve ser dirigido à causa da PI, podendo ser desde expectante até uma laparotomia de urgência. Terapêutica especifica da PI deve ficar restrita a protocolos de pesquisas. A revisão apresentada contribui para a pequena experiência da literatura neste assunto, especialmente considerando as mudanças que vêm ocorrendo na prevalência das principais causas da Pl. É ressaltada a importância da interpretação correta do significado clínico, que é amplamente variável, para a condução adequada dos casos de PI.


Pneumatosis Intestinalis (PI) is the presence of gas-filled cysts within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). It is a clinical and/or radiological sign associated with a wide spectrum of diseases, so that it has a variable clinical significance. Probably, its prevalence is increasing. The nature of the diseases causing PI has modified in last decades. Peptic ulcers were its main cause in the past. Nowadays, probably, immunosuppressive conditions and states of increased permeability of the GIT mucosa (AIDS, transplanted patients or in chemotherapy etc) are the most usual causes. PI can be shown on simple abdominal roentgenograms and computed tomographic scans obtained with lung windows. Its diagnosis includes to define the cause in addition to its presence. The treatment should be directed to the cause of the PI, fluctuating from expectant to emergency laparotomy. This review contributes to limited literature experience in this field, especially because the most usual causes of PI have modified their prevalence. The importance of using the clinical significance, which is variable, in managing PI is emphasized.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/epidemiology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/therapy
16.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 10(2): 566-69, jun. 1999. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-293714

ABSTRACT

Presentación de un caso de neumatosis quística intestinal, se revisa su cuadro clínico y fisiopatológico así como sus manifestaciones radiológicas y los problemas que plantea.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/physiopathology , Radiology
17.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 18(4): 262-4, out.-dez. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-280942

ABSTRACT

A pneumatose intestinal é uma afecçäo incomum que se caracteriza pela presença de gases na parede dos intestinos. Na maioria dos casos, o curso clínico é benigno e autolimitado, mas em outros, pode significar condiçäo clínica grave, como isquemia intestinal, e exigir tratamento agressivo de emergência. A experiência com a pneumatose intestinal permite a identificaçäo de grupos clínicos de pacientes onde a lesäo surge de forma espontânea e para a qual o tratamento é conservador; em outros grupos a etiologia da doença pode ser determinada e, nesses, o prognóstico é mais reservado. O tratamento, em geral, deve ser direcionado para causa que, quando reside no intestino, obriga a remoçäo segmentar do mesmo


Subject(s)
Humans , Abdomen, Acute/diagnosis , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications , Intestines/pathology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Flatulence
18.
Rev. colomb. gastroenterol ; 12(4): 197-9, oct.-dic. 1997.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-221362

ABSTRACT

Se presentan dos casos de neumatosis cistoide intestinal asociados a fistula rectovesical y sigmoidovesical uno de ellos diagnosticado durante la colonoscopia. Revisión de la literatura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Rectal Fistula/complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Sigmoid Diseases/complications , Colonoscopy/adverse effects , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/therapy
20.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 58(1): 25-30, ene.-mar. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-135797

ABSTRACT

La neumatosis intestinal es una entidad relativamente rara caracterizada por la presencia de gas en el espesor de la pared intestinal. Puede ser primaria (idiopática) o secundaria. El diagnóstico radiológico se basa usualmene en las radiografías simples de abdomen y en los estudios contrastados del tubo digestivo. Durante los últimos dos años, 9 pacientes con neumatosis intestinal fueron evaluados con tomografía computada (TC), 4 presentaban isquemia intestinal, 3 obstrucción colónica baja, 1 íleo paralítico y 1 neumatosis intestinal primaria. Seis pacientes requirieron cirugía para resección o descompresión intestinal, dos resolvieron espontáneamente el cuadro y uno falleció. Se analizan las causas generales y en particular de nuestra serie y el valor de los signos tromográficos hallados


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases/complications , Intestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases/pathology , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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